Highest scored questions
213,165 questions
397 votes
8 answers
414k views
What is the difference between \$V_{CC}\$, \$V_{DD}\$, \$V_{EE}\$, \$V_{SS}\$
I've seen lots of schematics use \$V_{CC}\$ and \$V_{DD}\$ interchangeably. I know \$V_{CC}\$ and \$V_{DD}\$ are for positive voltage, and \$V_{SS}\$ and \$V_{EE}\$ are for ground, but what is the ...
355 votes
6 answers
95k views
Why is there so much fear surrounding LiPo batteries?
I've been trying to design a charging system for a small robot powered by a 2S 20C lithium polymer (LiPo) battery. Were I to trust everything I read online, I would believe that the LiPo will kill me ...
339 votes
8 answers
182k views
Rules and guidelines for drawing good schematics
There are a lot of poorly drawn schematics here. A few times people have actually asked for critiques of their schematics. This question is intended as a single repository on schematic drawing rules ...
332 votes
6 answers
432k views
Choosing power supply, how to get the voltage and current ratings?
Power supplies are available in a wide range of voltage and current ratings. If I have a device that has specific voltage and current ratings, how do those relate to the power ratings I need to ...
296 votes
38 answers
122k views
Basic Electronics Book [closed]
I need basic electronics books (diodes, transistors, current, etc.) as I am just starting out with electronics and want to have something to read over the holiday. Any suggestions of good beginners' ...
278 votes
3 answers
40k views
What is it that strips vocals from audio when a 1/8" audio jack is partially unplugged?
Every once in a while, my eighth-inch audio jack will slip loose and I'll seemingly lose only the voice part of a track -- leaving somewhat of a "karaoke" version. What I would guess about how audio ...
258 votes
9 answers
98k views
Decoupling caps, PCB layout
I guess I've been somewhat ignorant when it comes to the finer details of pcb layout. Lately I've read a couple of books that try their best to lead me on the straight and narrow. Here is a couple of ...
247 votes
37 answers
112k views
Good tools for drawing schematics
I was going to add a bit of information to my post on a previous day using schematics and some instructions. What programs are being employed for this purpose? I mostly want to see what others are ...
227 votes
7 answers
207k views
Why was Mini USB deprecated in favor of Micro USB?
Mini USB connectors were standardized as part of USB 2.0 in 2000. In 2007, the USB Implemeters Forum standardized Micro USB connectors, deprecating Mini USB connectors four months later. Why? What ...
222 votes
17 answers
190k views
What is a decoupling capacitor and how do I know if I need one?
What is a decoupling capacitor (or smoothing capacitor as referred to in the link below)? How do I know if I need one and if so, what size and where it needs to go? This question mentions many ...
211 votes
4 answers
272k views
USART, UART, RS232, USB, SPI, I2C, TTL, etc. what are all of these and how do they relate to each other?
As a novice electronics hobbyist, I have heard these terms and more being thrown around everywhere. At its root, I understand that they are all based on communication between devices, computers, ...
207 votes
12 answers
257k views
What's the difference between a microcontroller and a microprocessor?
What's the difference between a microcontroller and a microprocessor?
201 votes
8 answers
41k views
Why does USB have 4 lines instead of 3?
USB specifies 4 pins: 1. VBUS +5V 2. D- Data- 3. D+ Data+ 4. GND Ground Why is this not 3? Could the Data and Power not share a common ...
200 votes
11 answers
137k views
How much does it cost to have a custom ASIC made?
I have browsed several ASIC manufacturer's webs, but I haven't found an actual number. I assume there would be a fixed cost associated with creating masks and such and then there will be a cost per ...
187 votes
16 answers
105k views
Is C++ suitable for embedded systems?
A common question, here and elsewhere. Is C++ suitable for embedded systems? Microcontrollers? RTOSes? Toasters? Embedded PCs? Is OOP useful on microcontrollers? Does C++ remove the programmer too ...