Flag of Nigeria Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria , is a country in West Africa . It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of 923,769 square kilometres (356,669 sq mi). With a population of more than 236 million, it is the most populous country in Africa , and the world's sixth-most populous country . Nigeria borders Niger in the north , Chad in the northeast , Cameroon in the east , and Benin in the west . Nigeria is a federal republic comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory , where its capital, Abuja , is located. The largest city in Nigeria by population is Lagos , one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world and the largest in Africa .
Nigeria has been home to several indigenous material cultures,
pre-colonial states and
kingdoms since the second
millennium BC. The
Nok culture ,
c. 1500 BC , marks one of the earliest known civilisations in the region. The
Hausa Kingdoms inhabited the north, with the
Edo Kingdom of Benin in the south,
Igbo Kingdom of Nri in the southeast and in the southwest, the
Oyo Empire . The present day territory of Nigeria was home to a vast array of
city-states .
: 136 In the early 19th century the
Fula jihads culminated in the
Sokoto Caliphate . The modern state originated with
British colonialization in the 19th century, taking its present territorial shape with the merging of the
Southern Nigeria Protectorate and the
Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914. The
British set up administrative and legal structures and
incorporated traditional monarchs as a form of
indirect rule . Nigeria became a formally
independent federation on 1 October 1960. It experienced a
civil war from 1967 to 1970, followed by a succession of
military dictatorships and democratically elected civilian governments until achieving a stable government in the
1999 Nigerian presidential election . (
Full article... )
The Kamerun campaign took place in the German colony of Kamerun in the African theatre of the First World War when the British , French and Belgians invaded the German colony from August 1914 to March 1916. Most of the campaign took place in Kamerun but skirmishes also broke out in British Nigeria . By the Spring of 1916, following Allied victories, the majority of German troops and the civil administration fled to the neighbouring neutral colony of Spanish Guinea (Río Muni ). The campaign ended in a defeat for Germany and the partition of its former colony between France and Britain.
Chief Olusegun Matthew Okikiola Ogunboye Aremu Obasanjo GCFR (;
Yoruba :
Olúṣẹ́gun Ọbásanjọ́ [ōlúʃɛ́ɡũ̄ ɔ̄básã̄d͡ʒɔ́] ⓘ ; born
c. 5 March 1937) is a Nigerian politician, statesman, agriculturalist, and former army general who served as Nigeria's
military dictator from 1976 to 1979 and later as its
president from 1999 to 2007. Ideologically a
Nigerian nationalist , he was a member of the
Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) from 1998 to 2015, and since 2018.
Born in the village of Ibogun-Olaogun to a farming family of the Owu branch of the Yoruba , Obasanjo was educated largely in Abeokuta , Ogun State . He joined the Nigerian Army and specialised in engineering and served in the Congo , Britain , and India , rising to the rank of Major. In the late 1960s, he played a major role in combating Biafran separatists during the Nigerian Civil War , accepting their surrender in 1970. In 1975, a military coup established a junta with Obasanjo as part of its ruling triumvirate . After the triumvirate's leader, Murtala Muhammed , was assassinated the following year, the Supreme Military Council appointed Obasanjo as Head of State. Continuing Murtala's policies, Obasanjo oversaw budgetary cut-backs and an expansion of access to free school education. Increasingly aligning Nigeria with the United States, he also emphasised support for groups opposing white minority rule in southern Africa. Committed to restoring democracy, Obasanjo oversaw the 1979 election , after which he transferred control of Nigeria to the newly elected civilian president, Shehu Shagari . Obasanjo then retired to Ota, Ogun , where he became a farmer, published four books, and took part in international initiatives to end various African conflicts.
11 December 2025 – Nigerian bandit conflict Eleven bandits are killed and several more injured in an ambush by the Nigerian Army in Sabon Birni , Sokoto State , Nigeria . The bandits allegedly planned an attack on a nearby village. (The Guardian ) 7 December 2025 – 2025 Beninese coup attempt The Nigerian Air Force launches precision airstrikes against pro-coup forces in Cotonou in support of the Beninese government , killing several putschists. (Sahara Reporters) (Zagazola) ECOWAS announces the deployment of ground troops to Benin from Ghana , Ivory Coast , Nigeria , and Sierra Leone . (Sahara Reporters) France provides military intelligence , surveillance aircraft , and logistical assistance to Benin and shares intelligence with Nigeria to help thwart the coup attempt. (Reuters) 7 December 2025 – Papiri kidnapping Nigerian authorities secure the release of 100 of the 315 students and staff abducted from a school in Niger State , while more than 160 others remain unaccounted for. (AFP via The Guardian ) 2 December 2025 – Nigerian president Bola Tinubu appoints retired army general Christopher Gwabin Musa as defence minister , following Mohammed Badaru Abubakar 's resignation amid a nationwide security emergency . (AFP via The Africa Report ) Nigeria news from Wikinews...
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Projects and resources The main place for Wikipedians to collaborate on all things related to Nigeria is at WikiProject Nigeria , which has 0 participants. Please join us there! There is also a Wikimedia user group that coordinates Meetups and other in-person events in Nigeria; its page is at m:Wikimedia User Group Nigeria Other resources are: General:
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