Questions tagged [euler-lagrange-equation]
In calculus of variations, the Euler–Lagrange equation, Euler's equation, or Lagrange's equation, is a second-order partial differential equation whose solutions are the functions for which a given functional is stationary.
934 questions
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Finding the minimum distance path on the surface of an ellipsoid [duplicate]
Suppose I have the ellipsoid $$ \dfrac{x^2}{a^2} + \dfrac{y^2}{b^2} + \dfrac{z^2}{c^2} = 1 $$ And I have two points on this surface, $P_1 = (x_1, y_1, z_1)$, and $P_2= (x_2, y_2, z_2) $. I am ...
3 votes
1 answer
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Minimise $\int_{-1}^{1}{\left (x^2(u’)^2+x(u’)^3+(u’)^6\right)}dx$ with $u(-1)=u(1)=0$
Starting with $$ I(u) := \int_{-1}^{1}{\left(x^2(u’)^2+x(u’)^3+(u’)^6\right)} {\rm d} x,$$ with boundary conditions $u(-1)=u(1)=0$ and using the Euler-Lagrange equation: $$\begin{align}\frac{d}{dx}\...
7 votes
1 answer
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Does the functional have a minimizer?
Given the following functional with fixed parameters $a>0$ and $b>1$, $$F[x;u,u']: = \int_{1}^b\left(x^3-\frac{ax}{u^2}\right)(u')^2~\mathrm{d}x$$ Suppose the space of functions satisfy $u(1) = ...
2 votes
1 answer
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Computing the first variation of a variational integral
Having started to read Giaquinta/Hildebrandt "Calculus of Variations I", 2 ed. 2004, in order to get a better mathematical foundation for my understanding of the Hamilton principle of least ...
2 votes
0 answers
134 views
Obtaining coordinate Euler-Lagrange equations from coordinate free Euler-Lagrange equations
This is a follow-up to the recent question of mine. Let $X$ be a $n$-dimensional configuration space. Consider a Lagrangian $L:TX\to\mathbb R$. A coordinate-free formulation of Euler-Lagrange ...
6 votes
1 answer
346 views
Understanding the meaning of terms in Euler-Lagrange equation
Consider a Lagrangian $L=L(x, v, t)$ which is a smooth convex function from $TX\times\mathbb E$ to $\mathbb R$, where $X$ is a configuration space. The Euler-Lagrange equations read $$\frac{\partial L}...
1 vote
1 answer
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Help in understanding a step in partial derivative of $f$
I am reading about the derivation of Euler-Lagrange equation. I don't understand why for $f[y(x)+\eta(x)\alpha, y'(x)+\eta'(x)\alpha,x]$ that $$\frac{\partial f}{\partial\alpha} = \eta\frac{\partial f}...
1 vote
0 answers
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Leibniz rule for $\delta$ and $d$ on the Diffeological space $\mathcal{F} \times M$ in Lagrangian Field Theory
In the context of Lagrangian Field Theory I am reading Quantum Fields and Strings: A Course for Mathematicians, Volume 1, Part 1, Classical Field Theory, chapter 2, wherein they denote $\mathcal{F}$ ...
0 votes
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Requirements for Euler Lagrange Equations
For the integral $$I =\int_a^b F(y', y, x) \, \mathrm dx$$ I’ve seen the requiremts expressed for the Euler Lagrange equation expressed in 2 different ways, but I do not see how they are equivalent. **...
1 vote
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Continuity of Lagrangian Multiplier function
I am considering a Calculus of Variation problem about minimizing $I(x)=\int_{0}^{1} \phi(x(t),x'(t)) dt$, where $x(t)$ is in the space of absolutely continuous function on $[0,1]$. When the integrand ...
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Is there a simple, straightforward way to shift the Euler equation (and the function $F$) between coordinate systems?
I'm not currently a student; the material is being practiced purely for learning and independent research. I'm currently reading through Gelfand and Fomin's Calculus of Variations. Note that Gelfand ...
0 votes
0 answers
72 views
What curve minimizes this integral when the values of $y$ are not specified at the end points?
This problem is adapted from Gelfand and Fomin's Calculus of Variations (Chapter 1, Problem 18). I'm not currently a student; the material is being practiced purely for learning and independent ...
1 vote
0 answers
86 views
Find the general solution of the Euler equation corresponding to the functional $\omega(y) = \int \left(f(x) \sqrt{1 + y'(x)} \right)dx$
This problem is adapted from Gelfand and Fomin's Calculus of Variations (Chapter 1, Problem 18). I'm not currently a student; the material is being practiced purely for learning and independent ...
2 votes
0 answers
65 views
Calculus of variation problem with vector-valued function and constraints
The problem I am considering is the following: \begin{align*} &\max_{p = (p_1, p_2,\cdots, p_N)} \int_{v} \sum_{i=1}^{N} v_i p_i(v) dv - \int_{v} \sum_{i=1}^{N} \frac{ |...
1 vote
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The integration by parts step in the derivation of the Euler–Lagrange equation
Consider the action integral $$ S[x] \;=\; \int_{t_0}^{t_1} L\bigl(x(t),\,\dot{x}(t),\,t\bigr)\,\mathrm{d}t, $$ where $L$ is the Lagrangian (for example, $T - V$ in mechanics). To compute the ...