Questions tagged [statistics]
Mathematical statistics is the study of statistics from a mathematical standpoint, using probability theory and other branches of mathematics such as linear algebra and analysis.
37,742 questions
2 votes
1 answer
46 views
What is probability distribution function of the sum of two independent random variables when one variable is correlated with itself?
Suppose we have the sum of random, independent variables $$ Z_{ij} = X_i + Y_{ij}, $$ where $X_i \sim \text{Uniform}(-d, d)$ and $Y_{ij} \sim \text{Normal}(\mu, \sigma)$. Given that only one sample of ...
0 votes
1 answer
38 views
Am I interpreting this data correctly? (Performance goals and confidence intervals) [closed]
I embarrassingly have a very simple question to ask in interpreting a data point. I have a calculated performance goal “event free rate” of 89%. I have an observed safety rate of 13.3% (95% CI: 8.5% - ...
1 vote
0 answers
36 views
Standard error of a mean direction
I have $n$ unit vectors $\mathbf{x}_i \in \mathbb{R}^p$, whose (sample) mean direction is calculated with $$ \mu = \frac{\bar{\mathbf{x}}}{\bar{R}}, \text{ where } \bar{\mathbf{x}} = \frac{1}{n} \...
0 votes
0 answers
31 views
Error distribution of linear Regression
Given the linear regression model $$ Y = X\theta + \varepsilon, $$ the typical distribution of $\varepsilon$ is gaussian with mean zero and variance $\sigma^2$, but we could also assume $\varepsilon \...
2 votes
0 answers
47 views
Finding an exact closed (non-recursive) form formula for the probabilities in a game of Risk
Yesterday I enjoyed some rounds of RISK: Global Domination with a friend from university. It is a long-running in-joke that “True Random” is the cause of winning and losing certain battles. Our ...
0 votes
1 answer
30 views
Double negatives in hypothesis test conclusions
I am grading hypothesis tests for an introductory statistics class and students occasionally give the following conclusion after rejecting the null hypothesis: Since $H_0$ is rejected, there is not ...
1 vote
1 answer
69 views
Covariance of Unbiased Sample Variance Estimators with Overlapping Samples
Unbiased Variance Estimator Let $x_1 , \ldots, x_N$ be iid sampled from X. Let Y(N) denote the N-mean estimator given by $$ Y(N) = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^N x_i $$ Let v(N) denote the unbiased N-...
0 votes
1 answer
44 views
Predicting $Y$ from a correlated variable $X$
I was reading something. The context was we could measure the variables $X$ and $Y$ on individuals. And it appeared that $X$ and $Y$ were correlated with correlation: $\rho=0.3$. The writer then ...
0 votes
1 answer
45 views
Mixture Model Expectation
We know that if an i.i.d. sample is drawn from $p_{\theta}=\text{Ber}(\theta)$, $\theta\in (0,1)$ then $$\mathbb{E}_{p_{\theta}}[\bar{X}] = \theta,$$ where $\bar{X}$ denotes the sample mean. Now, ...
1 vote
1 answer
57 views
Dominated statistical models
This is a simple question from measure theory. Fix a measurable space $(E,\mathcal{E})$ and a family $(P_i)_{i\in I}$ of probability measures on $(E,\mathcal E)$ ($I$ is any non-empty set). Let $n\geq ...
0 votes
0 answers
22 views
Verifying One-vs-All Precision and Recall calculations from a multi-class confusion matrix
I am studying multi-class classification metrics and want to confirm the correct way to compute them from a confusion matrix. A weather classifier labels days as Sunny, Rainy, Cloudy. The test results ...
1 vote
1 answer
152 views
“Central limit theorem” for symmetric random variables with no finite mean
Let $(X_n)_{n\in\mathbb N}$ be a sequence of independent random variables with the same distribution. The common distribution $\mu$ is such that it is symmetric, that is, $\mu((-\infty,x])=\mu([-x,\...
2 votes
1 answer
199 views
How much less is the arithmetic mean than the max given the average deviation?
Given a finite (multi)set of elements $\{x_1, \ldots, x_n\}$ the arithmetic mean $\mathsf{AM}$ is less than or equal to the maximum element call it $\max$. In otherwords, $\mathsf{AM} \leq \max$. But ...
1 vote
0 answers
63 views
Does online mirror descent between dually flat space converge to the global optimum
Say $E = \{p_\theta : p_\theta(x) = \exp(x^\top \theta - A(\theta)), \theta \in \Theta, M \theta = b\}$ is an exponential family affinely constrained in its natural parameter, where $\Theta$ is a ...
2 votes
0 answers
48 views
An MLE Asymptotic Normality problem with i.n.i.d. data
Suppose $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Suppose $s_0 > 1$ and $\xi_j \sim N (0, j^{- s_0} + n^{- 1})$, $j = 1, 2, 3, \ldots, n$. Let $\hat{s}_n$ be the maximum likelihood estimator of $s_0$. Is $\hat{s}_n$ ...